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HMAS Anzac (D59)
HMAS ''Anzac'' (D59) was a Battle class destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN). Named after the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, the destroyer was commissioned in 1951. The ship served on two tours of duty during the Korean War, and attempts to distinguish herself from British ships led to the practice of red kangaroo symbols on Australian warships. During 1956, ''Anzac'' served during the Malayan Emergency. In 1960, a malfunction in the destroyer's gun direction equipment caused ''Anzac'' to fire directly on sister ship during a gunnery exercise, with ''Tobruk'' left unrepairable. In 1961, the destroyer was reclassified as a training vessel. ''Anzac'' remained in service until 1974, and was sold for breaking a year later.
==Design and construction==
(詳細はBattle class destroyer design.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 10〕 The ship had a displacement of 2,436 tons as designed, although this displacement increased to 3,450 tons after her 1963 reclassification as a training ship.〔 She was long overall and long between perpendiculars, with a beam of , and a draught of .〔 Propulsion was provided by two Admiralty 3-drum boilers supplying steam to Parsons geared turbines; these generated 50,000 shaft horsepower for the destroyer's two propeller shafts.〔 ''Anzac'' was designed to reach , but could usually only reach .〔 The ship's company originally consisted of 320 personnel, but after conversion into a training ship, this changed to 169 ship's company plus 109 trainees.〔
The main armament of ''Anzac'' consisted of four 4.5-inch Mark VI guns in two twin turrets.〔 This was supplemented by twelve Bofors 40 mm guns for air defence, (three twin mountings and six single mountings, a Squid anti-submarine mortar, and two sets of 5-tube 21-inch Pentad torpedo launchers.〔
''Anzac'' was laid down by the Williamstown Naval Dockyard at Melbourne, Victoria on 23 September 1946.〔 The ship was originally to be named ''Matapan'', for the Battle of Cape Matapan, but this was changed to ''Anzac'', for the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps prior to launch.〔Cassells, ''The Destroyers'', p. 9〕 She was launched on 20 August 1948 by the wife of John Augustine Collins, the Chief of the Naval Staff and a former commanding officer of the previous HMAS ''Anzac''.〔〔Perryman & Djokovic, ''Ships Named Anzac''〕 ''Anzac'' was commissioned as a ship of the RAN on 14 March 1951.〔 Acceptance from dockyard hands occurred on 22 March.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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